1608 The earliest known working telescopes appeared, credited to Hans Lippershey and Zacharias Janssen, spectacle-makers in Middelburg, and Jacob Metius. 1609 Galileo used a refracting telescope as an instrument to observe stars, planets or moons. The name telescope was coined for Galileo’s instrument by a mathematician, Giovanni Demisiani, in 1611. The name was derived from … Continue reading "A Cultural History of Surveillance" : working on a TimeLine